Subject English
Instruction: Read the few paragraphs below and answer questions.
Leading investors have joined the growing chorus of concern about governments and companies rushing into producing bio-fuels as a solution for global warming, saying that many involved in the sector could be jeopardizing future profits if they do not consider the long-term impact of what they are doing carefully.
It is essential to build sustainability criteria into the supply chain of any green fuel project in order to ensure that there is no adverse effect on the surrounding environment and social structures. The report produced by the investors expresses concern that many companies may not be fully aware of the potential pitfalls in the bio-fuel sector.
Production of corn and soya beans has increased dramatically in the last years as an eco-friendly alternative to fossil fuels but environmental and human rights campaigners are worried that this will lead to destruction of rain forests. Food prices could also go up as there is increased competition for crops as both foodstuffs and sources of fuel. Last week, the UN warned that bio-fuels could have dangerous side effects and said that steps need to be taken to make sure that land converted to grow bio-fuels does not damage the environment or cause civil unrest. There is already great concern about palm oil, which is used in many foods in addition to being an important bio-fuel, as rain forests are being cleared in some countries and people driven from their homes to create palm oil plantations.
An analyst and author of the investors’ report says that bio-fuels are not a cure for climate change but they can play their part as long as governments and companies manage the social and environmental impacts thoroughly. There should also be greater measure taken to increase efficiency and to reduce demand.
Choose the correct set of words to fill in the blanks.
1701. Bio-fuel producer ____ know about the possible problems
(a) do not
(b) might not
(c) must not
(d) do
(e) usually
Ans. b
1702. Environmentalists believe that increased production of corn and soya ____
(a) has destroyed
(b) will destroy rainforest
(c) may destroy rainforests
(d) will lead to increased competition for crops
(e) will increase pressure on source of fuel
Ans. b
1703. Bio-fuels might ___.
(a) drive food prices up
(b) drive food prices down
(c) have little impact on food price
(d) have no side effects
(e) not cause civil unrest
Ans. a
1704. The increased production of palm oil _________.
(a) just affects the environment
(b) just affects people
(c) affects both people and environment
(d) is a cure for climatic change
(e) increases efficiency and reduces demand
Ans. c
1705. Don’t worry ____ father, he will be fine.
(a) for
(b) because
(c) after
(d) about
(e) of
Ans. b
1706. Your conduct admits ____ no excuse.
(a) at
(b) for
(c) of
(d) from
(e) off
Ans. c
1707. Each of the Olympic athletes ______ for moth, even years.
(a) have been training
(b) were training
(c) has been training
(d) been training
(e) shall train
Ans. c
1708. The hurricane caused _____ damage to the city.
(a) extend
(b) extended
(c) extensive
(d) extension
(e) extensing
Ans. c
1709. Identify the incorrect word in the sentence: Takeshi swimmed one hundred laps in the pool yesterday.
(a) swimmed
(b) one
(c) hundred
(d) in
(e) yesterday
Ans. d
1710. The synonym of the word ‘Erratic’ is:
(a) vague
(b) irregular
(c) amity
(d) adore
(e) prodigal
Ans. b
1711. Which among the following words is not similar to ‘profession’ in meaning?
(a) occupation
(b) vocation
(c) living
(d) training
(e) work
Ans. d
1712. The antonym of the word ‘manifest’ is:
(a) limited
(b) obscure
(c) faculty
(d) varied
(e) vital
Ans. b
1713. The meaning of the word ‘facilitate’ is:
(a) congratulate
(b) give pleasure
(c) express sympathy
(d) make it easy
(e) compound
Ans. d
1714. Fill in the blank with appropriate preposition: My flight departs ____ 5 pm.
(a) about
(b) from
(c) on
(d) at
(e) in
Ans. d
1715. Fill in the blank with appropriate pairs words: If I ___ to the cinema, I ____ an interesting film.
(a) go, see
(b) shall go, watch
(c) went, watch
(d) went, would watch
(e) go, watch
Ans. d
1716. Which among the following words is not similar to ‘cry’ in meaning?
(a) weep
(b) shout
(c) call
(d) noise
(e) yell
Ans. d
1717. The missing word in the sentence ‘early’ sailing ships, ____ something in unchartered seas, faced many hazards in reaching their destination is:
(a) navigating
(b) navigated
(c) navigate
(d) navigated
(e) navigator
Ans. e
1718. The underlined phrase in the sentence ‘swimming in the river is hard’ is a/an
(a) verb
(b) adjective
(c) adverb
(d) noun
(e) pronoun
Ans. d
Instruction: Read the following passage and answer the questions given below.
Water scarcity is fast becoming one of the major limiting factors in world crop production. In many areas, poor agricultural practices have led to increasing desertification and the loss of formerly arable lands. Consequently, those plant species that are well adapted to survival in dry climates are being looked at for answer in developing more efficient crops to grow on marginally arable lands.
Plants use several mechanisms to ensure their survival in desert environments. Some involve purely mechanical and physical adaptations, such as the shape of the plant’s surface, smaller leaf size and extensive root systems. Some of the adaptations are related to chemical mechanisms. Many plants, such as cacti, have internal gums and mucilaes which give them water-retaining properties. Another chemical mechanism is that of the epicuticular wax layer. This was layer acts as an impervious cover to protect the plant. It prevents excessive loss of internal moisture. It also protects the plant from external aggression, which can come from inorganic agents such as gases, or organic agents which include bacteria and plant pests.
researchers have proposed that synthetic waxes with similar protective abilities could be prepared based on knowledge of desert lands. If successfully developed, such a compound could be used to greatly increase a plant’s maintain health in such adverse situations as inadequate water supply, limited fertilizer ability, attack by pests and poor storage after harvesting.
1719. This passage deals mainly with
(a) Desertification
(b) Decreasing water supplies
(c) Factors limiting crop production
(d) Developing efficient plants
(e) Climate change
Ans. c
1720. Which of the following is a mechanical or physical mechanism that desert plants use?
(a) The plant’s shape
(b) The small root system
(c) The vast leaf size
(d) The high water consumption
(e) None of the above
Ans. a
1721. Which is one of the ways in which the epicuticular wax protect the plant?
(a) It helps the plant to attack aggressors
(b) If releases gases against plant pests
(c) It guards bacteria
(d) It helps the plant to retain water
(e) It guards against bacteria
Ans. e
1722. What is an example of an inorganic agent that may attack plants?
(a) Bacteria
(b) Insects
(c) Gas
(d) Pests
(e) Fertilizer
Ans. c
1723. All of the following are examples of an adverse situation for crops except
(a) Inadequate water
(b) Insufficient fertilizer
(c) Pest aggression
(d) Proper storage
(e) External aggression
Ans. d
Select the pair that best expresses a relationship similar to the expressed in the question pair.
1724. Underscore : Emphasis
(a) Eradicate : Destruction
(b) Stigmatize : Confrontation
(c) Quantify : Assessment
(d) Band : Ownership
(e) Log : Record
Ans. a
1725. Ostrich : Bird
(a) Caterpillar : Moth
(b) Lizard : Frog
(c) Bud : Leaf
(d) Tiger : Cat
(e) Gust : Strom
Ans. a